Woman Education in India

Pre-IndependenceThe history of female preparation in India has its roots in the British Regime. Womens employment and education was acknowledged in 1854 by the East India Companys Programme Woods Dispatch. Slowly, after that, there was progress in female education, but it initially tended to be focused on the primary school level and was related to the richer sections of society. The overall literacy rate for women increased from 0.2% in 1882 to 6% in 1947.56In 1878, the University of Calcutta became one of the first universities to admit female graduates to its storey programmes, before any of the British universities had later done the same. This point was raised during the Ilbert Bill controversy in 1883, when it was being considered whether Indian judges should be presumptuousness the right to judge British offenders. The role of women featured prominently in the controversy, where English women who opposed the bill argued that Bengali women, whom they stereotyped as ignorant and neglect by their men and that Indian men should therefore not be given the right to judge cases involving English women.Bengali women who supported the bill responded by claiming that they were more than educated than the English women opposed to the bill and pointed out that more Indian women had degrees than British women did at the time.57Post-IndependenceAfter India attained independence in 1947, the University Education Commission was created to preach suggestions to improve the quality of education. However, their report spoke against female education, referring to it as Womens present education is entirely irrelevant to the life they have to lead. It is not only a waste but often a definite disability.58However, the fact that the female literacy rate was at 8.9% post-Independence could not be ignored. Thus, in 1958, a national direction on womens education was appointed by the government, and most of its recommendations were accepted. The crux of its recommendations w ere to bring female education on the same footing as offered for boys.59Soon afterward, committees were created that talked about comparison between men and women in the field of education. For example, one committee on differentiation of curricula for boys and girls (1959) recommended equality and a common curricula at various stages of their learning. Further efforts were make to expand the education system, and the Education Commission was set up in 1964, which largely talked about female education, which recommended a national policy to be develop by the government. This occurred in 1968, providing increased emphasis on female education.