Political Science Essay

Chapter 1 1. Authority the recognized right of officials to exercise power 2. Constitutionalism the idea that there are lawful restrictions on political relations power 3. Corporate power operates in part through the influence that firms have with policy makers 4. Democracy a form of government in which the pile govern, either directly or through an elected representative. 5. Elitism the power well exercised by well positioned and high influential individuals 6. Free market system operates primarily on private transactions.Firms are largely free to make their own production, distribution and pricing decisions 7. Judicial action the use of courts as means of maintain rights and interests. 8. Majoritarianism the situation in which the majority effectively determines what the government does 9. Pluralism holds that, most issues, the preference of the special interest largely determines what government does 10. Political Science the systematic survey of government and politics 11. Po litical thinking careful gathering and sifting of information in the process of forming a knowledgeable view ab tabu a political issue 12.Politics the means by which society settles in conflicts and allocates the resulting the benefits and costs 13. Power refers to the ability of persons, groups or institutions to influence political developments 14. Public policies decisions of government to pursue particular courses of action Chapter 2 1. Anti-Federalists raised arguments that national government would ne too powerful and would threaten self government in the split up states and the liberty of people 2.Bill of Rights includes those as freedom of speech, religion, due process protections. 3. Checks and Balances no institution can act decisively without the support or assent of the other institution. 4. Constitution a fundamental law that defines how government will legitimately operate the method for choosing its leaders, the institutions through which these leaders will work, the procedures they must chase in making policy and the powers they can lawfully exercise highest law of the land 5.Constitutional democratic republic the type of government hitd in the linked States in 1787. a. Constitutional in its requirement to gain power through elections be exercised in accordance with law and with due respect for individual rights b. parliamentary in its provisions for majority influence through elections c. Republic in its mix of deliberative institutions, each of which moderates the power of others 6. Delegates officeholders who are obligated to carry out the expressed opinions of the people they represent 7.Limited government one that is subject to strict legal limits on the uses of power, so that it would non threaten the peoples liberty 8. Self Government one in which the people would be the ultimate source of governing authority and would have a voice in their governing 9. Inalienable rights or Natural rights life, liberty and property, which are thre aten by individuals 10. The Virginia aim/Large State Plan included separate discriminatory and executive branches as well as two chamber congress that would have supreme authority in all areas 11.The New Jersey Plan / Small State Plan call for a stronger national government than that provided by the articles of confederation 12. The Great agree the agreement of the constitutional convention to create a two chamber congress with the House appointed by population and the Senate apportioned equally by the state 13. 3/5 Compromise each slave was to count as less than a person. 14. Federalists Constitution supporters 15. Liberty the principle that individuals should be free to act, and think as they choose, provided they do not infringe on the well being of others 16.Grants of Power framers chose to limit the national government in part by confirming its scope of authority to those powers expressively granted in the Constitution. 17. Denials of Power a means to limit government to pr ohibit certain practices that European rulers had routinely used to oppressed political opponents 18. musical interval of Powers division of the powers of government among separate institutions or branches 19. Separated institution sharing power 20. Checks and Balances No institution can act decisively without the support or acquiescence of the other institutions 21.Judicial Review the power of the judiciary to decide whether a government official or institution that has acted within its limits of the Constitution 22. totalism Sovergnty a government cannot be sovereign if it can be overruled by another government 23. Federalism a governmental system in which authority is divided between two sovereign levels of government, national and regional. 24. Unitary system sovereignty is vested solely in the national government. 25. Confederacy the type of government that existed under the Articles of confederation 26.