The Science Behind How Popcorn Pops

Popcorn has been a popular snack for thousands of years. Remnants of the tasty treat have been found in Mexico dating back to 3600 BC. Popcorn pops because each popcorn kernel is special. Heres a look at what makes popcorn different from other seeds and how popcorn pops. Why It Pops Popcorn kernels contain oil and water with starch, surrounded by a hard and strong outer coating. When popcorn is heated, the water inside the kernel tries to expand into steam, but it cannot escape through the seed coat (the popcorn hull or pericarp). The hot oil and steam gelatinizes the starch inside the popcorn kernel, making it softer and more pliable. When the popcorn reaches a temperature of 180 C (356 F),  the pressure inside the kernel is around 135 psi (930 kPa), which is sufficient pressure to rupture the popcorn hull, essentially turning the kernel inside-out. The pressure inside the kernel is released very quickly, expanding the proteins and starch inside the popcorn kernel into a foam, which cools and sets into the familiar popcorn puff. A popped piece of corn is about 20 to 50 times larger than the original kernel. If popcorn is heated too slowly, it wont pop because steam leaks out of the tender tip of the kernel. If popcorn is heated too quickly, it will pop, but the center of each kernel will be hard because the starch hasnt had time to gelatinize and form a foam. How Microwave Popcorn Works Originally, popcorn was made by directly heating the kernels. Bags of microwave popcorn are a bit different because the energy comes from microwaves rather than infrared radiation. The energy from the microwaves makes the water molecules in each kernel move faster, exerting more pressure on the hull until the kernel explodes. The bag that microwave popcorn comes in helps trap the steam and moisture so the corn can pop more quickly. Each bag is lined with flavors so when a kernel pops, it strikes the side of the bag and gets coated. Some microwave popcorn presents a health risk not encountered with regular popcorn because the flavorings are also affected by the microwave and get into the air. Does all corn pop? Popcorn that you buy at the store or grow as popcorn for a garden is a special variety of corn. The commonly cultivated strain is Zea mays everta, which is a type of flint corn. Some wild or heritage strains of corn will also pop. The most common types of popcorn have white or yellow pearl-type  kernels, although white, yellow, mauve, red, purple, and variegated colors are available in both pearl and rice shapes. Even the right strain of corn wont pop unless its moisture content has a moisture content around 14 to 15%. Freshly harvested corn pops, but the resulting popcorn will be chewy and dense. Sweet Corn and Field Corn Two other common types of corn are sweet corn and field corn. If these types of corn are dried so they have the right moisture content, a small number of kernels will pop. However, the corn that pops wont be as fluffy as regular popcorn and will have a different flavor. Attempting to pop field corn using oil is more likely to produce a snack more like Corn Nuts, where the corn kernels expand but dont break apart. Do other grains pop? Popcorn is not the only grain that pops! Sorghum, quinoa, millet, and amaranth grain all puff up when heated as the pressure from expanding steam breaks open the seed coat.

William Descartes s The Domino Effect On The Existence...

Take Home Exam #2 Part One: Descartes was a famous French philosopher in the mid 1500’s. He had a very particular argument that still confuses and or makes sense to many people today. His argument is basically in regards to the existence of God. The way he describes this argument is by breaking it down by two principles. Those two principles are the â€Å"Principle of Sufficient Reason† and the â€Å"Principle of Adequate Reality.† In the Principle of sufficient Reason, Descartes points out that there is a thesis that everything in the world has a cause. By this, he means that everything that happens or anything that is made in the world is the cause of a force before it. By this, he is indicating that everything, even human beings, should have a force that made us. To Descartes this force or entity is God. To make things simpler, let us use this example. Think of a domino effect. In the domino effect one domino falls and causes another to fall down, but before any of the dominoes can do anything there has to be a force to make the first domino fall down. The force in this example would be you, the one forcing the first domino to start the ongoing chain. So in Descartes argument he states that in order for us to be â€Å"humans† there must have been a cause that made us. Descartes says that God is that force or entity that is starting the chain of events. Because of this theory, saying that God does not exist would be counter arguing the scientific law of cause and effect. Now the secondShow MoreRelatedImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pages1936The impact of science on society. (NASA SP ; 482) Series of lectures given at a public lecture series sponsored by NASA and the College of William and Mary in 1983. 1 . Science-Social aspects-Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Bergman, Jules. 11. Asimov, Isaac, 1920. 111. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. IV.College of William and Mary. V. Title. VI. Series. Q175.55.B88 1985 303.4’83 84-1 4 1 59 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrintingRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pages1936The impact of science on society. (NASA SP ; 482) Series of lectures given at a public lecture series sponsored by NASA and the College of William and Mary in 1983. 1 . Science-Social aspects-Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Bergman, Jules. 11. Asimov, Isaac, 1920. 111. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. IV.College of William and Mary. V. Title. VI. Series. Q175.55.B88 1985 303.4’83 84-1 4 1 59 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office

Their Eyes Were Watching God As A Bildungsroman Analysis

‘Their Eyes Were Watching God’ as a bildungsroman covering personal growth ‘Their Eyes Were Watching Good’ is a 1937 published novel by the Afro-American author Zora Neale Hurston. The story is about Janie Crawford, an attractive, middle-aged black woman, that returns to her hometown after the breakdown of her third marriage. This causes a lot of gossip and Janie decides to explain herself by telling her story. She tells about her three different marriages and how she in person changed during these different stages of her life. ‘Their Eyes Were Watching God’ meets the criteria of a bildungsroman because it implies an educative point and delivers a message to the reader. The whole novel is a self-reflection and deals with the changes the†¦show more content†¦This loneliness was supposed to be filled by another man, her second husband Joe Starks. She continued her development as a woman especially in the beginning of the new relationship when Joe â€Å"spoke for change and chance† (28). The problems Janie had to face in this marriage were that her husband did not treat her equal but rather treated her as an ornament. She found out that the love he provided to her in the beginning was rather part of the ulterior moves Joe had about becoming an important landlord and major. Joe gave only material goods to Janie who felt again as if something misses in her life. The final stage in Janie’s development as a woman is her marriage with the twelve years younger Tea Cake. Both are totally in love with each other and Janie lives a live she has never lived before. She experienced a big change when she moves from her formal live as â€Å"Mrs. Major† (43) in Eatonville to the Everglades where Tea Cakes teaches her how to farm, fish and hunt and introduces a totally new rural life to her. Janie described her lifestyle in these days with ...we aint got nothin tuh do but do our work and come home and love (127). This last relationship finishes her development as a woman. Even if Janie went through a lot of changes in her life she still did not change herself in some aspects. It sometimes seems as if she did not really learn from the mistakes she made inShow MoreRelatedLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pages Bildungsroman From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search In literary criticism, a Bildungsroman (German pronunciation: [ˈbÉ ªldÊŠÅ‹s.Ê oËÅ'maË n]; German: novel of formation, education, culture),[a] novel of formation, novel of education,[2] or coming-of-age story (though it may also be known as a subset of the coming-of-age story) is a literary genre that focuses on the psychological and moral growth of the protagonist from youth to adulthood (coming of age),[3]Read MoreRomanticism and Modernism as Strange Bedfellows: A Fresh Look at Jack Kerouacs On the Road12240 Words   |  49 PagesJapanese drawing paper into his typewriter, and for the next 20 days or so, began typing up his â€Å"road† notes from a series of notebooks that documented his travels across the United States and Mexico. These notes were compiled and fictionalized into a bildungsroman tale of two young men who were searching the back roads, tiny hamlets and big cities of post-World War II America. This became the critically acclaimed novel, On the Road. At the center are two young men, Sal Paradise (Kerouac), a college

The Duties and Responsibilities of a Service Crew in any Food Chain free essay sample

The Duties and Responsibilities of a Service Crew in any Food Chain are as follows: Responsible for providing courteous and efficient food and beverage services to the guests. To present menu, take order, suggest and recommend appropriately. To attend and respond to guests’ needs promptly and professionally. To present bills to diners, collect payment and give to the cashier, return change or credit card to diners. To perform general housekeeping and cleaning duties, including sweeping, mopping, cleaning glasses, furniture fittings, laying of tables and up-keeping of rest room etc. Any other appropriate duties and responsibilities as assigned. What are the deff. Betwn food attendant and waiter? A waiter usually does the whole thing. Greet, take orders, run food, check up etc. A food attendant is usually just a runner that takes out food and drinks but just delivers, doesnt really interact with customers. Also, usually a food attendant relies on the waiter to be tipped out rather than being tipped directly from the customer i. We will write a custom essay sample on The Duties and Responsibilities of a Service Crew in any Food Chain or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page e. ou make less Duties Responsibilities of a Kitchen Helper Shelley Moore is a journalist and award-winning short-story writer. She specializes in writing about personal development, health, careers and personal finance. Moore has been published in Family Circle magazine and the Milwaukee Sentinel newspaper, along with numerous other national and regional magazines, daily and weekly newspapers and corporate publications. She has a Bachelor of Science in psychology. By Shelley Moore, eHow Contributor A kitchen helper has the primary responsibility of keeping the kitchen at a restaurant or other food service operation clean and orderly. He usually has many other duties as well, depending on the type of establishment in which he works. In addition to his cleaning duties, he might assist in the dining area or help the cook with food preparation. Job Description of an Assistant Cook An assistant cook supports the head chef. An assistant cook may go by many titles in the restaurant business and other food service settings. Also known as an apprentice chef, chefs apprentice, assistant chef or kitchen helper, an assistant cook is the head cooks or executive chefs right hand in the kitchen. A talented and reliable assistant cook can make all the difference in how smoothly a kitchen operates. Food Counter Attendant Job Description Food counter attendant job description and profile The main responsibility of a ‘Food Counter Attendant’ is to take orders from customers. The position of food counter attendant is generally at places like fast food outlets, cinemas, and canteens, mess etc. At some places, an attendant may has to prepare dishes. Food counter attendant duties and responsibilities- †¢Taking orders from the customers †¢Issuing token to customers for collecting their ordered dishes †¢Having an eye for detail – handing over the right dish to the right customer †¢Handling the billing procedure †¢Keeping a record of the monetary transactions †¢Serving foods and drinks from the counter †¢Forwarding the K. O. T – ‘Kitchen Order Ticket’ to the kitchen staff †¢Ensuring timely delivery of dishes †¢Providing excellent customer service